The Effect of the Use of AI Chatbots on the Ability to Write Anecdotal Texts for Class X Students of SMK Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan for the 2025/2026 Academic Year
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59944/jipsi.v5i4.2002Keywords:
AI Chatbot, Writing Skills, Anecdotal TextAbstract
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology provides new opportunities in language learning, particularly in improving students’ writing skills. This study aims to examine the effect of using AI Chatbots on the ability of grade X students at SMK Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan to write anecdotal texts during the 2025/2026 academic year. This study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method using a Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design. The population consisted of 750 grade X students, with 30 students from class X-1 TJTL selected as the experimental group and 25 students from class X-3 TJTL as the control group. The research instrument was an essay test measuring students’ anecdotal text writing ability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality and homogeneity tests, followed by an Independent Samples t-Test to examine differences between groups. The results showed that the experimental group improved from a mean pretest score of 48.33 to 67.29 in the posttest, representing an increase of 18.96 points, while the control group increased from 42.75 to 60.00, representing an increase of 17.25 points. The statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.022 < 0.05), indicating that the use of AI Chatbots had a significant effect on students’ anecdotal text writing ability. The effect size analysis showed that the intervention produced a [small/moderate/large] practical effect (Cohen’s d = [value]), demonstrating the contribution of AI Chatbots in supporting students’ writing development
References
Ayuningsih, N. S., Ali, A., & Rita, R. (2025). Development of Audio-Visual Media-Based Teaching Materials in Anecdotal Text Learning for Class X Students of Abdi Negara Binjai Senior High School. Syntax: Indonesian Language & Literature Journal, 5(2 SE-Articles), 61–64. https://doi.org/10.57251/sin.v5i2.1758
Bin-Hady, W. R. A., Al-Kadi, A., Hazaea, A., & Ali, J. K. M. (2023). Exploring the dimensions of ChatGPT in English language learning: a global perspective. Library Hi Tech, 43(4–5), 1315–1328. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-05-2023-0200
Celik, I., Dindar, M., Muukkonen, H., & Järvelä, S. (2022). The Promises and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence for Teachers: A Systematic Review of Research. TechTrends, 66(4), 616–630. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-022-00715-y
Hamzah, J., Rokhmansyah, A., Hanum, I. S., Ramsi, E. A., & Prakoso, T. (2026). The Use of Digital Learning Media to Strengthen Digital Literacy of Drama Texts at Al Islam Boarding School Junior High School. Journal of Language and Literature Learning, 5(3 SE-Articles), 2765–2780. https://doi.org/10.55909/jpbs.v5i3.1634
Howard, S. K., Swist, T., Gasevic, D., Bartimote, K., Knight, S., Gulson, K., Apps, T., Peloche, J., Hutchinson, N., & Selwyn, N. (2022). Educational data journeys: Where are we going, what are we taking and making for AI? Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100073. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100073
Kasneci, E., Sessler, K., Küchemann, S., Bannert, M., Dementieva, D., Fischer, F., Gasser, U., Groh, G., Günnemann, S., Hüllermeier, E., Krusche, S., Kutyniok, G., Michaeli, T., Nerdel, C., Pfeffer, J., Poquet, O., Sailer, M., Schmidt, A., Seidel, T., ... Kasneci, G. (2023). ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learning and Individual Differences, 103, 102274. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2023.102274
Machali, I. (2021). Quantitative Research Methods Practical Guidelines for Planning, Implementing, and Analyzing in Quantitative Research. Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/50344/
Nurmalina, N., & Pebriana, P. H. (2025). The Utilization of AI Chatbot Applications in Learning to Write Narratives in the Digital Era. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5(4 SE-Articles), 12390–12400. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v5i4.21283
Panggabean, R. Z., Nasution, S. S. A., Rifana, T., & Isman, M. (2026). Abstraction of the Meaning of Love in the Poem "I Want" by Sapardi Djoko Damono: Saussure's Structural Analysis and the Discontinuity of Riffatere's Expression. DEIKTIS: Journal of Education, Language and Literature, 6(3 SE-Articles), 3808–3813. https://doi.org/10.53769/deiktis.v6i3.3699
Rahmah, S., & Qur'ani, H. B. (2021). Structuralism Studies in Poetry Letters from Ibu Karya Asrul Sani. AESTHETICS: Indonesian Journal, 4(1 SE-Articles), 125–142. https://doi.org/10.29240/estetik.v4i1.2368
Rusniasa, N. M., Dantes, N., Suarni, N. K., Studi, P., Dasar, P., & Ganesha, U. P. (2021). THE EFFECT OF THE SCHOOL LITERACY MOVEMENT ON READING INTEREST AND INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING OUTCOMES. 5(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jurnal_pendas.v5i1.258
Subhaktiyasa, P. G. (2024). Determining Population and Samples: Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methodological Approaches. Scientific Journal of the Education Profession, 9(4 SE-Articles), 2721–2731. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v9i4.2657
Syaukani, A., Winata, J. S., Apriza, R. W., Gazali, R. Y., South, K., & South, K. (2025). Differential : Journal on Mathematics Education. 2, 223–232. https://doi.org/10.32502/differential.v2i2.279
Tlili, A., Shehata, B., Adarkwah, M. A., Bozkurt, A., Hickey, D. T., Huang, R., & Agyemang, B. (2023). What if the devil is my guardian angel: ChatGPT as a case study of using chatbots in education. Smart Learning Environments, 10(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00237-x
Warschauer, M., Tseng, W., Yim, S., Webster, T., Jacob, S., Du, Q., & Tate, T. (2023). The affordances and contradictions of AI-generated text for writers of english as a second or foreign language. Journal of Second Language Writing, 62, 101071. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2023.101071
Weyant, E. (2022). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 5th Edition. Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries, 19(1–2), 54–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/15424065.2022.2046231
