Model Pengelolaan Mangrove Terintegrasi Berbasis Sistem informasi Geografis (SIG) untuk Mitigasi Bencana Pesisir Abrasi di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59944/jipsi.v5i4.1872Keywords:
Mangrove, SIG, BencanaAbstract
The objectives of this study are as follows: To analyze the condition of mangrove ecosystems in the coastal areas of West Sulawesi. To identify the role of mangroves in coastal disaster mitigation and environmental resilience enhancement. To develop a GIS-based mangrove management zoning model. The method used a geographic information system to map conservation zones, rehabilitation zones, utilization zones, and buffer zones in four districts in West Sulawesi Province. The results of the study showed that the mangrove ecosystems on the coast of West Sulawesi were generally in the vulnerable to degraded category. This is reflected in the large area of buffer zones and rehabilitation zones compared to the relatively small conservation zones in each district, which only range from 25.31 to 378.23 hectares. West Sulawesi Province is an area with a high level of disaster vulnerability, characterized by a high risk of coastal abrasion, tidal flooding, and tsunamis. The existence of mangrove ecosystems has been proven to play an important role in reducing the impact of disasters through their physical, ecological, and hydrological functions. The condition of mangroves in several districts in West Sulawesi shows varying levels of damage and utilization. Geographic Information System (GIS)-based zoning divides the area into four categories: conservation, rehabilitation, buffer, and utilization. Polman is relatively better because its conservation area is quite extensive, Majene is the most vulnerable due to its very narrow area, while Mamuju and Central Mamuju are vulnerable to degradation.
References
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Alongi, D. M. (2015). The impact of climate change on mangrove forests. Current Climate Change Reports, 1(1), 30–39.
Basyuni, M., Sulistiyono, N., & Putri, W. (2018). Diversity and ecosystem services of mangroves in Indonesia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 126(1), 012034.
Othman,M.A. 1994. Value of Mangrove in Coastal Protection. Hydrobiologia, 285:2
BNPB. (2023). “Upaya Mitigasi Berbasis Lingkungan di Pesisir Sulawesi Barat.” Diakses dari www.bnpb.go.id
FAO. (2007). The World's Mangroves 1980-2005. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Hasri. K, Basri. H, Indra. 2013. Dampak alih lahan terhadap nilai ekosistem mangrove di Kecamatam Seruway Kabupatem Aceh Tamiang. Fakultas pertanian Unsyiah. Banda aceh.
Rizaldy, W. F. (2019). Urgensi Mangrove bagi Jawa Timur: Menimbang Regulasi dan Peran Pemerintah Provinsi dalam Melindungi Ekosistem Pesisir yang Kritis. Universitas Teknologi Surabaya.
Imburi, C. S., Angrianto, R., Tanur, E. A., Widodo, I., & Sitompul, G. A. (2024). Peran Hutan Mangrove dalam Menanggulangi Dampak Perubahan Iklim di Wilayah Pesisir Indonesia. Jurnal Geosains West Science
Sari, D. P., & Prasetyo, L. B. (2023). Pemetaan Lahan Kritis Mangrove dengan Teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis dan Penginderaan Jauh di Kawasan Mandeh, Sumatera Barat. Aurelia Journal, 3(1), 1-10
Hidayat, A. (2024). Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Mangrove (Studi Kasus: Badan Restorasi Gambut dan Mangrove). Skripsi, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang.
Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Jawa Timur. (2023). Pemanis (Pemantauan Mangrove dengan Sistem Informasi Geospasial).
Duke, N. C., Meynecke, J. O., Dittmann, S., Ellison, A. M., Anger, K., Berger, U & Koedam, N. (2007). A world without mangroves. 41-42.
Gilman, E. L., Ellison, J., Duke, N. C., & Field, C. (2008). Threats to mangroves from climate change and adaptation options: A review. Aquatic Botany, 89(2), 237-250.
Giri, C., Ochieng, E., Tieszen, L. L., Zhu, Z., Singh, A., Loveland, T., ... & Duke, N. (2011). Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20(1), 154-159.
Sidik, F., Kusuma, D. W., Kadarisman, H. P., & Suhardjono. (2019). Panduan Mangrove: Survei Ekologi dan Pemetaan. Buku ini menyediakan panduan teknis dalam melakukan survei ekologi dan pemetaan mangrove, termasuk teknik dasar pengambilan data di lapangan.
Velati, Z., Suryono, S., & Pratikto, I. (2024). Jenis Substrat dan Tingkat Kerapatan Mangrove di Kawasan Konservasi Mangrove Baros Yogyakarta. Journal of Marine Research, 13(4), 739-745.
Suwargana. N, 2008. “Analisis Perubahan Hutan Mangrove Menggunakan Data penginderaan Jauh di Pantai Bahagia, Muara Gembong, Bekasi,” Jurnal Penginderaan Jauh, vol. 5, pp. 64-74.
Papilaya. P. P. E. 2013. “Pemilihan Kombinasi Band Citra Komposit Landsat 5 Tm Untuk Menganalisa Tutupan Lahan Hutan Mangrove Di Teluk Dalam Pulau Ambon,” Ekosains, vol. 02, no. 01, pp. 77-89.
Marini. Y, A. K. Mannopo and N. Anggraini. 2015. “Teknik Penentuan Citra Komposit untuk Identifikasi Mangrove Menggunakan Landsat-8 di Pulau Subi Kecil,” in Mangrove Citra Penginderaan Jauh dan Identifikasinya, Bogor, IPB Press. pp. 1-19.
Dwiputra. M. A, R. Kurnia and E. Riani. 2019. “Penggunaan Data Citra Satelit Landsat Multitemporal untuk Monitoring Perubahan Kondisi Ekosistem Mangrove di Teluk Kulisusu Kabupaten Buton Utara,” Journal of Science and Applicative Technology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1-8.
Putra, E. H. 2011.Penginderaan Jauh dengan Ermapper, Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Faizal A and M. A. Amran. 2005. “Model Transformasi Index Vegetasi Yang Efektif Untuk Prediksi Kerapatan Mangrove Rhizophora Mucronata,” in Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan MAPIN XIV, Surabaya.
Green, E. P., A. J. Edwards and C. D. Clark. 2000. Remote Sensing Hand Book for Tropical Coastal Management, Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
PCC. (2022). Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities. Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/
Kuleli, T. (2010). Quantitative analysis of shoreline changes at the Mediterranean Coast in Turkey. Ocean & Coastal Management, 53(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2009.11.004
Pujiono, E., et al. (2013). Analisis perubahan tutupan lahan mangrove menggunakan citra satelit multitemporal. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan, 7(2), 112–123. https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.635
Chang, C.W., et al. (2019). GIS-based vulnerability assessment of mangrove ecosystems. Ocean & Coastal Management, 182, 104–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.10496
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. (2021). Peraturan Menteri LHK No. P.23/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/6/2021 tentang Pelestarian dan Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove. Jakarta: KLHK. https://www.menlhk.go.id/site/single_post/4445
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2019). Pedoman Teknis Zonasi Kawasan Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. Jakarta: KKP. https://kkp.go.id/djprl/artikel/pedoman-zonasi-kawasan-pesisir
Alongi, D.M. (2014). Carbon cycling and storage in mangrove forests. Annual Review of Marine Science, 6, 195–219. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135020
Bosire, J.O., et al. (2008). Functionality of restored mangroves: A review. Aquatic Botany, 89(2), 251–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.03.010
Barbier, E.B., et al. (2011). The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. Ecological Monographs, 81(2), 169–193. https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1510.1
Primavera, J.H., & Esteban, J.M.A. (2008). A review of mangrove rehabilitation in the Philippines. Hydrobiologia, 637(1), 285–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9910-y
Kementerian Kehutanan. 2025. Peta Mangrove Nasional Tahun 2024. https://www.bpdas-sjd.id/tdash/pdf/skpmn.pdf.
Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB). (2024). Indeks Risiko Bencana Indonesia (IRBI) 2024. BNPB: Jakarta.
Asri, & Yusuf. (2024). Analisis Risiko Bencana di Sulawesi Barat. Jurnal Kebencanaan, 9(1), 55–68.
Mazda, Y., Magi, M., Ikeda, Y., Kurokawa, T., & Asano, T. (2022). Coastal protection role of mangroves during tsunami and storm surges. Ocean & Coastal Management, 226, 106254.
Santoso, D., Yamin, M., & Makhrus, M. (2019). Penyuluhan Tentang Mitigasi Bencana Tsunami Berbasis Hutan Mangrove Di Desa Ketapang Raya Kecamatan Keruak Lombok Timur. Jurnal Pengabdian Magister Pendidikan IPA, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.29303/jpmpi.v1i2.242
Alongi, D. M. (2015). The impact of climate change on mangrove forests. Current Climate Change Reports, 1(1), 30–39.
Rahmawati, A., Susilo, S., & Fadli, M. (2018). Degradasi Mangrove dan Dampaknya terhadap Abrasi Pantai di Pesisir Utara Jawa. Jurnal Oseanografi, 7(2), 101–112.
Niode, D. F., Rindengan, Y. D. Y., & Karouw, S. D. . (2016). Geographical Information System (GIS) untuk Mitigasi Bencana Alam Banjir di Kota Manado. Jurnal Teknik Elektro Dan Komputer, 5(2), 14–20.
DKP Bangka Belitung. 2015. Mitigasi Bencana di Babel. https://dkp.babelprov.go.id/content/mitigasi-bencana-di-babel
Reza, F., Putra, D., & Lestari, S. (2024). Ekosistem Mangrove sebagai Solusi Mitigasi Bencana Pesisir. Jurnal Lingkungan dan Pesisir, 12(2), 77–89.
Sunkur, M., Masselink, G., & van der Meer, J. (2023). Mangroves as nature-based solutions for disaster risk reduction. Journal of Environmental Management, 336, 117-199.
Handayani, S. i K., & Hweindati, Y. T. (2017). Peran Hutan Mangrove Dalam Mitigasi Bencana di Wilayah Pesisir. Peran Matematika, Sains & Teknologi Dalam Kebencanaan, 1–27.
Santoso, D. 2019. Penyuluhan tentang mitigasi bencana tsunami berbasis hutan manggrove di desa ketapang raya kecamatan keruak lombok timur . Universitas Mataram: Indonesia.
Munandar, M., & Kusumawati, I. (2017). Studi Analisis Faktor Penyebab Dan Penanganan Abrasi Pantai Di Wilayah Pesisir Aceh Barat. Jurnal Perikanan Tropis, 4(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.35308/jpt.v4i1.55.
Karminarsih, E. (2007). Fungsi Ekologis Mangrove dalam Perlindungan Pantai. Jurnal Pesisir dan Lautan, 2(2), 65–73.
Basyuni, M., Sulistiyono, N., & Putri, W. (2018). Diversity and ecosystem services of mangroves in Indonesia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 126(1), 012034.
Howard, J. (2022). Blue carbon and ecosystem services of mangroves: Restoration as a climate solution. Nature Climate Change, 12, 505–518.
Friess, D. A., (2020). Mangroves give cause for conservation optimism, for now. Current Biology, 30(4), R153–R154.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan RI. (2023). Statistik Mangrove Nasional 2023. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Ruang Laut.
Purwanto. A.D. 2014 “Analisis Sebaran Dan Kerapatan Mangrove Menggunakan Citra Landsat 8 di Segara Anakan, Cilacap,” in Prosiding Sinas Inderaja, Bogor.
FAO & Wetlands International. (2020). Mangrove Ecosystem Guidebook for Southeast Asia. Bangkok.
Rahman, A., dan D.P. Sari. 2023. Degradasi ekosistem mangrove dan implikasinya terhadap mitigasi bencana pesisir di Sulawesi Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan Tropis, 11(2), 45–56.
Kurniawan, F., Adrianto, L., Bengen, D. G., & Prasetyo, L. B. (2021). Spatial analysis of mangrove ecosystem services for coastal protection. Ocean & Coastal Management, 205, 105-123.
Kurniawan, F., Adrianto, L., Bengen, D. G., & Prasetyo, L. B. (2021). Spatial analysis of mangrove ecosystem services for coastal protection. Ocean & Coastal Management, 205, 105-123.
Dahuri, R., Rais, J., Ginting, S.P., & Sitepu, M.J. (2020). Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Wilayah Pesisir dan Lautan Secara Terpadu. Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan RI. (2023). Statistik Mangrove Nasional 2023. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Ruang Laut.
Imburi, C. S., Angrianto, R., Tanur, E. A., Widodo, I., & Sitompul, G. A. (2024). Peran Hutan Mangrove dalam Menanggulangi Dampak Perubahan Iklim di Wilayah Pesisir Indonesia. Jurnal Geosains West Science
Giri, C., Long, J., & Abbas, S. (2021). Mangrove Restoration and Its Role in Climate Change Mitigation in Southeast Asia. Ocean & Coastal Management, 205, 105–119
Giri, C., Long, J., & Abbas, S. (2021). Mangrove Restoration and Its Role in Climate Change Mitigation in Southeast Asia. Ocean & Coastal Management, 205, 105
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Mamuju. 2017. Mamuju Dalam Angka. M
