Implementation of An-Taradhin and Ghabn Principles in Food and Beverage Pricing within Elementary School Environments

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of 'an taradhin (mutual consent) and ghabn (unfair price disparity) principles in food and beverage pricing practices within the elementary school canteen environment from the perspective of Islamic Economic Law. The study was conducted at SD Negeri 61/X Talang Babat, Muara Sabak Barat District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi, Indonesia. Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical field research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis involving school authorities, canteen vendors, and student consumers. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, supported by source and methodological triangulation. The findings demonstrate that price determination is primarily based on purchase costs, operational expenses, expected profit, market conditions, and students’ purchasing power. Vendors tend to maintain affordable prices despite increases in input costs, indicating an orientation toward consumer welfare and maslahah. The principle of 'an taradhin is substantively reflected in the acceptance of prices by buyers and sellers, while no evidence of deliberate price manipulation or excessive exploitation was identified. However, the absence of formal written pricing standards creates an institutional gap in transparency and consumer protection. The implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) Program and fluctuations in input prices further intensify the tension between affordability and vendor sustainability. The study concludes that school-canteen pricing practices are substantively compatible with Islamic Economic Law but require stronger institutional governance through transparent pricing guidelines, monitoring, and participatory oversight