The Perspectives of Master of Law Students on the Principles of Justice and Maslahah in the Protection of the Constitutional Rights of Women and Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59944/postaxial.v4i3.2305Keywords:
Justice; Maslahah; Constitutional Rights; Women's Rights; Child Protection; Master of Law StudentsAbstract
This study examines Master of Law students' perspectives on the principles of justice and maslahah in protecting the constitutional rights of women and children at UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu, Indonesia. The study addresses the relationship between Islamic legal principles, constitutional guarantees, and the practical protection of vulnerable groups within the Indonesian legal system. A qualitative field research approach is employed to explore students' interpretations of justice, public welfare, constitutional rights, and the integration of Islamic law with Indonesian positive law. Data are collected through semi-structured interviews and document analysis, then examined using thematic analysis to identify patterns of interpretation and legal reasoning. The analysis focuses on substantive justice, the application of maslahah, the state's responsibility to protect constitutional rights, and the challenges of reconciling Islamic legal interpretations with constitutional principles. The study is expected to contribute to Islamic legal studies and constitutional law by providing an empirical perspective on how postgraduate law students understand the relationship between religious values and rights protection. Its findings may also inform legal education by highlighting the importance of critical reasoning, constitutional awareness, and sensitivity to the needs of women and children. The study emphasizes that the integration of justice and maslahah should be evaluated in accordance with constitutional guarantees, applicable legislation, and the principles of human dignity and non-discrimination.
References
Alfitri, Idzhar, M., Muqorrobien, M. K., & Kasumawati, D. (2025). Constitutionalizing Islamic law in Indonesia: Sharia courts & the legitimate child clause. AHKAM: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v25i2.41896
Al-Rasyid, H. (2025). Protection of women's rights in Islamic family law: A review of jurisprudence and legislation in Indonesia. Samarinda International Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.64093/sijis.v2i1.605
Auda, J. (2008). Maqasid al-shariah as philosophy of Islamic law: A systems approach. International Institute of Islamic Thought. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvkc67tg
Azizah, N. S. A., & Shalihah, S. (2025). Maqasid al-shari'ah and legal pluralism: Normative analysis of the principle of justice in a multicultural society. Journal of Islamic and Law Studies, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.18592/jils.v9i2.17808
Hasani, I., Halili, H., & Qodir, Z. (2026). Legal pluralism or constitutional fragmentation: Is Sharia in Aceh challenging Indonesia's legal unity? PETITA: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v11i1.1070
Hidayah, N. (2019). Islamic law and women's rights in Indonesia: A case of regional Sharia legislation. AHKAM: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v19i1.11717
Iqbal, M., & Ridwan , W. (2026). Multicultural Islamic Education Through Learning Experiences of Diverse Students in Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v12i1.49097
Jalili, I., & Solihu, A. K. H. (2026). Qawā'id fiqhiyyah and legal pluralism: Reconstructing Islamic family law toward gender equality in Indonesia. An-Nisa: Journal of Islamic Family Law, 3(2), 95–107. https://doi.org/10.63142/an-nisa.v3i2.536
Luthfi, M., Fajrin, Y. A., & Novianti, K. R. (2023). Implications of Indonesian Constitutional Court Ruling No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on the civil relations of children born out of wedlock: A maqashid asy-syariah perspective. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 25(3).
Nabilah, W., Putra, R., Afroo, F. A., Nurjanah, & Wahyuni, E. (2025). Between protection and permissiveness: A fiqh siyasah reexamination of marriage dispensation in Indonesia. JURIS: Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v24i1.11882
Nasrudin, M., Sodiqin, A., & Mujib, A. (2025). Towards an integrated legal studies department in Indonesia: Transdisciplinary framework for legal higher education. Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi, 8(2), 363–393. https://doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v8i2.12985
Nasution, S., & Matondang, M. (2026). State responsibility in child protection: A fiqh siyasah perspective on Law No. 35/2014 Child Protection Law and state responsibility. Journal of Indonesian Islamic Studies, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.24256/jiis.v5i2.10284
Nussbaum, M. C. (2000). Women and human development: The capabilities approach. Cambridge University Press.
Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Harvard University Press.
Republic of Indonesia. (1945). The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning the amendment to Law No. 23 of 2002 on child protection.
Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning sexual violence crimes.
Rohmawati, R. (2025). Seeking justice in Islamic legal pluralism: The dispute of child best interests in marriage dispensation in Indonesia. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 19(2), 147–178. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2024.19.02.147-178
Sen, A. (2009). The idea of justice. Harvard University Press.
Zainuddin, M., Umar, M. N., Sumardi, D., Mansari, & Khalil, Z. F. (2024). Protection of women and children in the perspective of legal pluralism: A study in Aceh and West Nusa Tenggara. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam, 8(3), 1948–1973. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i3.22203
