The Development of Interactive Multimedia Based on Problem-Based Learning to Enhance Computational Thinking in Computer Hardware Studies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59944/postaxial.v4i3.1769Keywords:
Computational Thinking, Interactive Multimedia, Problem-Based Learning, Computer Hardware, Research and DevelopmentAbstract
The development of digital-based educational resources is now entering a new phase as a strategic step towards honing higher-order thinking skills, particularly computational thinking (CT) within the field of Computer Science. However, classroom learning activities on the topic of computer hardware typically still rely on traditional methods, meaning that pupils often encounter difficulties when trying to understand the relationships between physical components and solve problems in a logical sequence. This research was designed with the aim of developing an interactive multimedia tool based on the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model to enhance students’ computational thinking skills in the subject area of computer components. The research approach employed utilised the Research and Development (R&D) method, utilising the ADDIE framework, which comprises five main stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Field testing took place at State Junior High School 56 in Surabaya, involving Year 7 pupils studying the subject of Information Technology. The range of data collection instruments used included observation, interviews, questionnaires, expert validation sheets, and computational thinking assessment tests. The quality assessment of the teaching materials, involving subject matter experts, media experts, and Information Technology teachers, recorded an average percentage of 92 per cent, with a rating of ‘highly suitable’. An evaluation of the product’s effectiveness demonstrated an improvement in pupils’ computational thinking scores, with the average pre-test score of 9.23 rising to 15.13 in the post-test. A Normalised Gain (N-Gain) score of 0.57 places the effectiveness of the media in the ‘moderate’ category, whilst the results of the Wilcoxon statistical test confirmed a highly significant difference between achievements before and after the learning intervention. These findings confirm that this interactive multimedia resource, based on Problem-Based Learning, is of proven quality and effective as an alternative teaching tool to support the development of computational thinking in Computer Science learning activities
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