Physical Literacy of Elementy School Students in Rembang District: A Comparative Study Based on Teacher Certification Status
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59944/postaxial.v4i3.1724Keywords:
Elementary Students, Physical Education, Physical Literacy, Teacher Certification, Teacher CompetenceAbstract
This study describes the physical literacy level of elementary school students and examines differences based on PE teacher certification status in Rembang District. Addressing the physical literacy crisis in the digital era requires quality PE teaching. An explanatory quantitative comparative design was applied to 700 students (grades IV–VI) from 25 schools (508 taught by certified teachers; 192 by non-certified teachers), drawn from a population of 2,800 students across 35 schools. Data were collected with an adapted Physical Literacy Questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Levene’s test, and independent-samples t-test. Overall physical literacy was categorized as Good, with 82% of students in Good to Excellent ranges (t(699) = 21.1, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.798). No significant difference appeared between students of certified and non-certified teachers (t(698) = 0.759, p = 0.448, Cohen’s d = 0.064). Certification status is therefore not the primary determinant; teaching experience, teacher dedication, and school facilities appear more influential.
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