Amorti: Jurnal Studi Islam Interdisipliner

Literature Review on Deep Learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah: Meaningful, Mindful, and Joyful Learning Perspectives

Nopiyanti — 2026-08-16

he lack of active participation and meaningful engagement in the learning process of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students highlights the need for a transformation toward a deeper, more contextual, and student-centered learning approach. This study aims to examine the implementation of deep learning in the context of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah education through the integration of three core approaches: meaningful learning, mindful learning, and joyful learning. This research employs a literature review method, analyzing 20 relevant national and international scholarly articles. Data were collected from digital databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, and Sinta, with publications ranging from 2020 to 2025. The selected literature includes national and international journals. Thematic content analysis was used to identify conceptual patterns related to deep learning. The findings reveal that the synergy of the three approaches significantly enhances student participation, deepens conceptual understanding through real-life relevance, and fosters reflective learning awareness in a joyful atmosphere. Therefore, deep learning is considered effective in strengthening active, authentic, and meaningful learning practices at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level. As a recommendation, future research should test the effectiveness of the deep learning approach in classroom settings through quantitative methods or classroom action research, as well as develop appropriate evaluation instruments to support its sustainable implementation in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.

Membangun Etika Digitalpreneurship Islami Dalam Manajemen Pendidikan Di Era Teknologi

Khoirul Anwar — 2026-08-22

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan manajemen pendidikan Islam berbasis digitalpreneurship sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi tantangan era teknologi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka atau analisis konten. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Manajemen pendidikan Islam berbasis digitalpreneurship merupakan pendekatan yang menggabungkan prinsip-prinsip manajemen pendidikan Islam dengan konsep-konsep kewirausahaan digital. Dengan memadukan nilai-nilai Islam dan inovasi teknologi digital, pendekatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan Islam. Dalam menghadapi tantangan era teknologi digital, pendekatan ini memberikan solusi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai sarana untuk memperluas akses pendidikan Islam, meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, dan mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk bersaing dalam dunia yang semakin terhubung secara digital. Dengan adopsi model manajemen pendidikan Islam berbasis digitalpreneurship, lembaga pendidikan Islam dapat lebih adaptif terhadap perubahan, memfasilitasi kreativitas dan kewirausahaan di kalangan peserta didik, serta menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang terintegrasi antara nilai-nilai keislaman dan kemajuan teknologi digital. Sehingga, pendekatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi yang relevan dalam menghadapi tantangan dan peluang yang muncul di era teknologi digital saat ini.

Constructing Fair Compensation for Pesantren Educators: An Ijarah Perspective

Dian Rahmat — 2026-08-29

Compensation for educators in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) often presents a tension between spiritual devotion (khidmah) and professional economic rights. This study investigates the practice of teacher remuneration at Pondok Pesantren Al-Hasanah from the perspective of the ijarah 'ala al-'amal (lease of services) contract. Using a qualitative empirical approach with a case study design, data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis of financial records. The findings reveal a significant gap between formal contractual compliance and operational reality. Although the initial agreement meets the essential legal conditions (rukun) of ijarah, the practice is compromised by unilateral wage reductions, recurrent payment delays, and a lack of financial transparency regarding institutional budget deficits. This study highlights the phenomenon of ikrah ma’nawi (psychological and structural coercion), wherein educators’ passive acceptance of wage cuts does not signify genuine mutual consent (an-taradhin), but rather a defect of consent driven by economic vulnerability and religious devotion narratives. From a Maqasid al-Shariah perspective, this institutional risk-shifting violates the protection of wealth (hifz al-mal) and well-being (hifz al-nafs). Constructing a fair compensation model requires institutionalizing financial transparency, separating spiritual altruism from commercial contractual obligations, and adopting equitable wage benchmarks (ajr al-mitsl).

Implementation of An-Taradhin and Ghabn Principles in Food and Beverage Pricing within Elementary School Environments

Sanjani — 2026-08-29

This study examines the implementation of 'an taradhin (mutual consent) and ghabn (unfair price disparity) principles in food and beverage pricing practices within the elementary school canteen environment from the perspective of Islamic Economic Law. The study was conducted at SD Negeri 61/X Talang Babat, Muara Sabak Barat District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi, Indonesia. Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical field research design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document analysis involving school authorities, canteen vendors, and student consumers. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, supported by source and methodological triangulation. The findings demonstrate that price determination is primarily based on purchase costs, operational expenses, expected profit, market conditions, and students’ purchasing power. Vendors tend to maintain affordable prices despite increases in input costs, indicating an orientation toward consumer welfare and maslahah. The principle of 'an taradhin is substantively reflected in the acceptance of prices by buyers and sellers, while no evidence of deliberate price manipulation or excessive exploitation was identified. However, the absence of formal written pricing standards creates an institutional gap in transparency and consumer protection. The implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) Program and fluctuations in input prices further intensify the tension between affordability and vendor sustainability. The study concludes that school-canteen pricing practices are substantively compatible with Islamic Economic Law but require stronger institutional governance through transparent pricing guidelines, monitoring, and participatory oversight

Quantity Transparency and Transactional Fairness in Unweighed Coconut Milk Sales: An Islamic Economic Law Perspective

M. Fachturohman — 2026-08-29

This study examines quantity transparency and transactional fairness in the sale of fresh coconut milk without standardized weighing in Talang Babat Village, Tanjung Jabung Timur, Indonesia, from the perspective of Islamic economic law. The study responds to the persistence of informal measurement practices in which quantity is determined through visual estimation and non-standardized plastic bags, despite the potential implications for contractual certainty and consumer protection. Employing a qualitative multiple-case study design, the research involved three coconut milk sellers, consumers, and Islamic economic law experts. Data were collected through non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using an interactive process of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, supported by source and methodological triangulation. The findings reveal two contrasting transaction mechanisms. One seller applies standardized weighing, enabling consumers to objectively verify the relationship between price and quantity, while another relies on plastic-bag sizes and visual estimation. In the latter practice, the same price category produced substantial quantity variation, approximately 180–270 ml, thereby limiting consumers’ ability to independently verify the quantity received. The practice is sustained by local custom (‘urf), interpersonal trust, convenience, and limited knowledge of fiqh mu‘āmalah, rather than demonstrable intentional deception. From the perspective of Islamic economic law, the practice contains a significant element of gharar and is characterized as an akad fasid because the essential requirement of quantity certainty (ma‘lum al-maqadir) is inadequately fulfilled, while tadlis cannot be conclusively established. The study further demonstrates that the practice potentially undermines ‘adl, tarāḍin, and ḥifẓ al-māl. Accordingly, the study recommends a transition from a trust-based system toward a trust-and-verification model through standardized weighing, transparent disclosure of quantity, and consumer education.

Workload Changes in Ijārah Contracts: Contractual Justice and Worker Rights in Islamic Law

Nurfauziah Azahra — 2026-08-31

This study examines changes in workload within an ijārah al-a‘māl employment relationship and analyzes their implications for contractual justice and worker rights from the perspective of Islamic law. The study addresses the problem of additional duties assigned to workers beyond the scope of an initial oral employment agreement without corresponding renegotiation or adjustment of ujrah. Employing a qualitative empirical legal research design with a descriptive-analytical approach, data were collected through non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews with one employer, one active worker, and one former worker, as well as examination of relevant documents. Data were analyzed through coding, categorization, interpretation, and normative comparison with the principles of ijārah al-a‘māl, tarāḍin (mutual consent), contractual clarity, ‘adl (justice), and proportionality of remuneration. The findings demonstrate that the initial employment agreement primarily covered store-related activities, including serving customers, arranging merchandise, and supervising the store. In practice, workers were subsequently assigned additional domestic and personal duties, such as cleaning the employer’s house, washing clothes, cleaning storage areas, and caring for the employer’s child. These additional responsibilities were imposed without explicit renegotiation and without an adjustment of the agreed remuneration. The study further finds that workers’ acceptance of the additional duties was influenced by economic dependence and concerns about losing employment, raising questions regarding the substantive nature of mutual consent. From the perspective of Islamic law, substantial changes in workload should be accompanied by renewed agreement and proportionate compensation. The study concludes that expanding work responsibilities without contractual renegotiation and corresponding adjustment of ujrah does not fully reflect the principles of contractual clarity, tarāḍin, proportionality, and justice in ijārah al-a‘māl. The findings underscore the importance of transparent employment agreements as a mechanism for protecting worker rights in informal economic activities

Justice and Transparency in Credit Sales of Household Furniture: Islamic Economic Law Perspective

Lisna Wati — 2026-08-31

Credit-based sales of household furniture have become an important form of retail transaction because installment arrangements enable consumers to obtain relatively high-value household goods without making full cash payments. From the perspective of Islamic economic law, however, the permissibility of credit sales depends not merely on deferred payment but also on contractual certainty, price transparency, mutual consent (tarāḍin), justice (‘adl), and the absence of ribā, gharar, and unjustified harm. This study aims to examine the implementation of credit-based household furniture sales at Jaya Makmur Store, Talang Babat Village, and to analyze its conformity with the principles of Islamic economic law, particularly contractual justice and transparency. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach within an empirical legal research design. Primary data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documentation involving the store owner, employee, consumer, religious scholar, and community representative. These practices reflect tarāḍin, contractual certainty, and transparency and provide economic convenience for consumers. Nevertheless, the study identifies a critical Sharia concern regarding additional charges described as monthly “interest” of approximately 0.73%–1.5%, as well as penalties for late payment and potential repossession of goods. The Islamic legal status of these mechanisms depends on whether the additional amount constitutes a fixed selling margin determined at the outset or an increase calculated on outstanding debt or delayed payment. The study concludes that credit-based furniture sales may constitute a legitimate form of bai‘ bi al-taqsīṭ when the final price is predetermined, transparent, and mutually agreed upon, while post-contractual charges and default mechanisms require stronger safeguards to ensure justice, prevent ribā and gharar, and protect both contracting parties.

Implementasi Metode Langsung dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Kelas IV MI Baitul Qur’an

Syahbilla Maulana — 2026-09-02

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Direct Method in Arabic language learning for fourth-grade students at MI Baitul Qur’an, including supporting and inhibiting factors and its impact on students’ Arabic language skills. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving one teacher and nine students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The findings show that the Direct Method was implemented through direct use of Arabic in listening, vocabulary memorization, reading, and speaking activities, supported by various learning media. Supporting factors included teacher competence, varied learning media, and active student participation, while inhibiting factors included difficulties in vocabulary memorization, Arabic pronunciation, and differences in learning abilities. The Direct Method positively affected students’ vocabulary mastery, listening, reading, speaking, and confidence in using Arabic.

Revisiting Musyarakah Contracts in Contemporary MSMEs: A Critical Fiqh Muamalah Analysis

Sukma Tri Andini — 2026-09-04

This study aims to investigate how the practice of musyarakah contract among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pandan Jaya Village is implemented from the perspective of fiqh muamalah (Islamic jurisprudence on worldly transactions). This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques conducted with three grocery MSMEs as the research objects, namely Toko Arwin, Toko Olip, and Toko Marni. The results indicate that all three shops substantively fulfill the fundamental pillars of the musyarakah contract, including the presence of contracting parties, oral ijab and qabul (offer and acceptance), explicit cash capital, and a jointly managed business venture. No elements of riba (usury) or maysir (gambling/speculation) were found, as the entire capital originated from the personal funds of the partners. The profit-sharing mechanisms vary across the shops and are permissible under fiqh as long as they are based on mutual consent. However, the primary weakness lies in the formality of the contract; all agreements were made entirely orally without written documentation or witnesses, thereby creating a potential for gharar (uncertainty) that could trigger future disputes. Furthermore, the business owners' understanding of fiqh muamalah principles remains highly limited. This study concludes that partnership practices among MSMEs in Pandan Jaya Village have met the core substance of the musyarakah contract, yet they are not fully aligned with the standards of fiqh muamalah in terms of contractual formalities and Sharia awareness.

Sharia Economic Law Analysis of Plant Utilization on Donated Land

Desyana Safitri — 2026-09-04

This study examines the utilization of productive plants on donated land at Al-Hasanah Islamic Boarding School, East Tanjung Jabung, from the perspective of Sharia Economic Law. The study focuses on the legal status of plants cultivated on donated land, the patterns of utilization and distribution of agricultural benefits, and the conformity of such practices with the principles of ownership, qabd, contractual certainty, justice (‘adl), mutual consent (tarāḍin), and maslahah. This research employed a qualitative field research design using a case study approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documentary analysis involving pesantren administrators, the donor, plant managers, and members of the surrounding community. Data were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, with source and methodological triangulation employed to ensure trustworthiness. The findings demonstrate that the land was transferred to the pesantren through a documented hibah in 2017, accompanied by actual possession and utilization. The donated land is currently used for productive agriculture, including oil palm, vegetables, and chili, with the resulting products allocated for internal consumption, pesantren operational needs, and commercial sale. Documentary evidence indicating that the land was donated “together with its contents” further supports the pesantren’s ownership of plants existing on the land at the time of transfer. Nevertheless, the study identifies governance weaknesses in the subsequent management of agricultural assets, particularly the absence of written agreements with third-party cultivators, unclear benefit-sharing arrangements, and limited institutional monitoring. From the perspective of Sharia Economic Law, the utilization of the donated land and its productive plants is substantively permissible because it generates economic and social benefits and is consistent with ‘adl, tarāḍin, and maslahah. However, stronger contractual and administrative governance is required to prevent gharar, protect the rights of all parties, and ensure accountability. The study contributes to the discourse on productive hibah by demonstrating that legal certainty over donated land must be accompanied by transparent post-transfer governance of the assets and benefits generated from it

Contractual Transparency and Product Information in Cinnamon Regency Housing Marketing

Hikmah Fitriyania — 2026-09-04

Housing transactions involve substantial financial commitments and long-term contractual relationships, making transparency of contractual terms and product information essential to consumer protection and ethical business conduct. This study aims to examine contractual transparency and product-information disclosure in the marketing of Cinnamon Regency housing developed by PT Aulia Residence Land in East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi, from the perspective of Islamic economic law. The study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with developers, marketing personnel, and consumers, direct observation, and documentation of promotional materials, housing specifications, receipts, and financing agreements. Data were analyzed thematically through data reduction, coding, categorization, interpretation, and triangulation of sources and techniques. The findings reveal a contractual–ethical duality. Formally, the housing financing is implemented through a conventional subsidized mortgage facilitated by Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN), incorporating a fixed annual interest rate of 5%, late-payment charges, and early repayment penalties. From the perspective of Islamic economic law, these elements prevent the financing arrangement from being classified as fully sharia-compliant. Nevertheless, the developer demonstrates substantial transparency in communicating housing specifications, land area, additional quality-improvement costs, down-payment requirements, and the conventional financing mechanism. The provision of contractual drafts before signing and the explanation of essential contractual clauses also indicate efforts to establish informed consent (an-tarāḍin). The study concludes that ethical marketing practices based on al-bayān, ṣidq, and amanah can strengthen consumer protection and reduce gharar and tadlīs, but transparency and voluntary consent alone cannot transform an interest-based financing contract into a sharia-compliant transaction.

Zakat Profession on Additional Employee Income: A Sharia Economic Law Analysis of Its Implementation under Regent Regulation

Puja Syahfa Rahmanda — 2026-09-04

This study examines the implementation of professional-zakat deductions from Additional Employee Income (Tambahan Penghasilan Pegawai/TPP) among civil servants within the Government of Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency under Regent Regulation Number 4 of 2025, with particular emphasis on the deduction mechanism, the determination of the zakat base, fluctuations in TPP, and their conformity with Islamic economic law. This study employed a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and document analysis involving government administrators, payroll officers, BAZNAS officers, and civil servants receiving TPP. The data were analyzed thematically and validated through source and technique triangulation. The findings indicate that TPP is determined through work-discipline and productivity-performance indicators integrated with electronic attendance and the E-Kinerja system. However, the transfer of performance data to the payroll system remains semi-automated because manual validation and data locking are still required. Professional zakat is deducted at a rate of 2.5% through a centralized pre-clearing mechanism before TPP disbursement and transferred collectively to BAZNAS through the Cash Management System. From the perspective of Islamic economic law, the principal problem lies in the potential mismatch between actual TPP received after performance-related reductions and the income basis used by the payroll system to determine zakat eligibility. This condition may result in over-collection when actual zakatable income falls below the applicable nisab but the system continues to apply the 2.5% deduction. The study concludes that payroll-based zakat collection is administratively efficient but requires a dynamic sharia-compliant mechanism that verifies actual income and nisab before deduction, provides transparent zakat-status information, and establishes an accessible correction mechanism. The study contributes to the discourse on digital zakat governance by demonstrating the importance of integrating technological accuracy with substantive sharia compliance.

Efektivitas Canva sebagai Media Evaluasi Interaktif terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Al-Islam di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Ngawi

Iksan Setia Nugraha — 2026-09-04

supporting students’ learning interest in the Al-Islam subject at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. The research was conducted in the context of Al-Islam learning, involving eight students who participated in evaluation activities using Canva. Data were obtained from classroom observations, interviews with students, and documentation of the evaluation activities. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that students generally responded positively to the use of Canva as an interactive evaluation medium. Students expressed interest in the varied visual presentation, paid attention during the evaluation activities, experienced more enjoyable learning experiences, and actively participated in completing the evaluations. The findings also show that students were generally able to use Canva after receiving explanations and instructions. Nevertheless, several challenges were identified, including unstable internet connectivity, device readiness, and students’ initial difficulties in understanding how to operate the media. Overall, the findings suggest that Canva provides an alternative interactive medium for conducting evaluations in Al-Islam learning by offering students a more varied and engaging evaluation experience. However, this study does not claim that Canva statistically increases students’ learning interest, as the findings are based on qualitative observations, students’ experiences, and their expressed responses during the learning activities.

Peran Guru Akidah Akhlak dalam Menanamkan Digital Ethics pada Gen Z

Mia Dwi Rosalina — 2026-09-07

This study is motivated by the rapid development of digital technology, which has influenced the behavior of Generation Z in their daily lives, particularly in the use of social media and digital spaces. The intensive use of technology without ethical guidance has the potential to give rise to various negative behaviors, such as the spread of hoaxes, cyberbullying, and a low level of digital moral awareness. Therefore, Aqidah Akhlak teachers have a strategic role in instilling Digital Ethics so that students are able to utilize technology wisely, responsibly, and in accordance with Islamic values. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design to describe the role of Akidah Akhlak teachers in instilling Digital Ethics in Generation Z at MAN 2 Nganjuk. The researcher acted as the main instrument using data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings of this research indicate that: (1) Akidah Akhlak teachers developed students’ understanding of Digital Ethics through contextual learning by connecting the values of honesty, responsibility, and politeness with daily digital activities, although the internalization of these values still requires continuous reinforcement; (2) Akidah Akhlak teachers fostered students’ moral awareness and sensitivity through reflection, case discussions, and exemplary behavior; (3) Akidah Akhlak teachers guided students’ digital behavior through habituation, educational supervision, and role modeling so that students communicated more politely and became more careful in sharing information; and (4) the impact of the role of Akidah Akhlak teachers in instilling Digital Ethics could be seen in the improvement of students’ moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action in using digital media more ethically and responsibly.

Resiliensi Sosial dan Kesejahteraan Spiritual Lansia: Analisis Program LATANSA Sinergi BAZNAS dan Masjid Baitun Nur di Kota Mojokerto

fithrotul kamala — 2026-09-12

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran program LATANSA dalam meningkatkan resiliensi sosial dan kesejahteraan spiritual lansia di Kota Mojokerto. Program LATANSA merupakan hasil kolaborasi antara BAZNAS Kota Mojokerto dan Masjid Baitun Nur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian meliputi pengelola BAZNAS, pengurus masjid, fasilitator program, dan lansia yang berpartisipasi dalam program. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan, kemudian diuji melalui triangulasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program LATANSA berperan dalam meningkatkan resiliensi sosial lansia melalui penguatan interaksi sosial, dukungan emosional, dan pembentukan jaringan sosial yang inklusif. Program ini juga berperan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan spiritual melalui aktivitas keagamaan, seperti pengajian, dzikir, dan pengajaran nilai-nilai Islam yang memberikan ketenangan jiwa dan makna hidup. Keunggulan program terletak pada integrasi dimensi sosial dan spiritual melalui pendekatan berbasis komunitas religius. Faktor pendukung meliputi kolaborasi antarlembaga, dukungan komunitas, fasilitas mobil jemput, layanan kesehatan, alat terapi kaki, serta pemberian dua saset susu kambing pada setiap pertemuan. Adapun hambatan yang dihadapi mencakup keterbatasan tenaga pendukung, perbedaan tingkat partisipasi lansia, dan sistem evaluasi yang belum didasarkan pada indikator yang terukur. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengungkapan pendekatan pemberdayaan lansia yang mengintegrasikan resiliensi sosial dan kesejahteraan spiritual melalui sinergi lembaga zakat dan komunitas masjid. Secara praktis, temuan penelitian ini dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi dan pengembangan program LATANSA maupun program pemberdayaan lansia berbasis komunitas religius, khususnya melalui penguatan aspek manajerial, tenaga pendukung, dan sistem evaluasi berbasis indikator yang terukur.

Etika Lingkungan dalam Perspektif Hadis dan Relevansinya terhadap Konservasi Masyarakat Pegunungan

febri ferdiansah — 2026-09-18

Environmental degradation in mountainous areas threatens ecosystem sustainability and community livelihoods. This study analyzes environmental ethics in Hadith and its relevance to conservation practices in Kaduengang Village, Cadasari, Pandeglang. This qualitative study uses a case study approach, with data collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, documentation, and thematic Hadith study (maudhu’i). The findings identify three main environmental ethics in Hadith: planting trees, preventing environmental destruction, and protecting water resources. These values are reflected in tree planting, restrictions on tree cutting in water-retention areas, and protection of village springs. Conservation involves community leaders, youth, farmer groups, and local residents through mutual cooperation. The study shows that Hadith-based environmental ethics can strengthen ecological awareness, collective participation, and sustainable conservation practices in mountainous communities.

Fair Price Formation in Ready-to-Eat Cake Sales: A Fiqh Muamalah Analysis of Microenterprise Practices

Anggun Putri Utami — 2026-09-19

This study examines the pricing practices of ready-to-eat cakes at Micro Cake Business X in Talang Babat Village, Indonesia, from the perspective of fiqh muamalah. The study aims to analyze the mechanisms of price formation, the factors underlying price fluctuations, the transparency of price information, and the practice of reselling unsold cakes from the previous day. A qualitative research design with an empirical juridical approach was employed. Data were collected through non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation involving the business owner, employees, and consumers. The data were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, while source and methodological triangulation were used to strengthen the credibility of the findings. The results indicate that cake prices are primarily determined by raw-material costs, prevailing market prices, product size and type, production complexity, consumer purchasing power, and established business practices. Price fluctuations mainly occur in response to changes in raw-material costs, with the owner adjusting selling prices, modifying product size, or reducing profit margins. The study also finds that selected unsold cakes from the previous day are resold after an informal assessment of their physical condition; however, production dates and storage status are not consistently disclosed to consumers. From the perspective of fiqh muamalah, these practices are generally permissible because price determination and profit-seeking are not inherently prohibited. Nevertheless, limited transparency in communicating price changes and the condition of previously stored products may weaken the principle of tarāḍin (mutual consent) and create potential elements of gharar and tadlis. The study concludes that fair pricing in micro-enterprises requires not only economic rationality but also transparency, honesty, justice, and consumer protection. The study recommends simple production-cost records, updated price lists, prior notification of price changes, separation of freshly produced and previously stored cakes, and clear production-status information to strengthen amanah, tarāḍin, and sharia compliance

Love as Care: Ibn ‘Arabi’s Ethics of Love and Its Resonances with the Ethics of Care

M Minanur Rohman — 2026-09-19

This article argues that Islam ought to be understood as a love-oriented religion rather than one defined solely by law and regulation. Challenging the reductive characterization of Islam as a purely nomos-oriented tradition, the article examines Ibn ʻArabi’s ethics of love through the lens of the ethics of care, employing library research with thematic-comparative content analysis as its methodological framework. Drawing on both primary and secondary sources, the study identifies five key variables within Ibn ʻArabi’s love ethics: (1) the undefinability of love, (2) insān kāmil, (3) jamāl-Ihṣān, (4) jamāl and jalāl, and (5) tajallī. Each variable is analyzed in comparative dialogue with the care-ethical thought of Iris Murdoch, Carol Gilligan, Emmanuel Lévinas, and Robert Spaemann, revealing substantive resonances between Akbarian mystical ethics and contemporary Western moral philosophy. The findings suggest that Ibn ʻArabi’s love ethics constitutes a viable corrective framework for contemporary religious discourse, pointing beyond sectarian fanaticism toward a spirituality grounded in care, beauty, and universal compassion.

Masa Depan Lembaga Pemberantasan Korupsi

Imran — 2026-09-20

Persoalan korupsi yang sekarang telah menjadi gurita dalam sistem pemerintahan di Indonesia merupakan gambaran dari boboroknya tata pemerintahan di negara ini. Fenomena ini telah menghasilkan kemiskinan, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan dan kesehatan serta buruknya pelayanan publik. Akibat dari korupsi penderitaan selalu dialami oleh masyarakat, terutama yang berada di bawah garis kemiskinan. Dibeberapa daerah banjir, longsor, infrastruktur hancur, tranportasi terganggu distribusi barang terhambat merupakan efek dari perbuatan korupsi, yang mau tidak mau dirasakan oleh masyarakat yang tidak berdosa. Perubahan kekuasan dari sentralisasi ke otonomi daerah justru menimbulkan persoalan baru, dimana korupsi berpindah dari pusat ke daerah. Dengan berbagai modus operandi, korupsi yang dikemas sedemikian rapi terkadang atas nama kebijakan telah melahirkan persoalan baru di beberapa daerah. Lembaga pemberantasan korupsi yang ada tidak mampu meminimalisir perbuatan korupsi, korupsi justru semakin kuat. Dengan mengunakan metode penlitian hukum normatif dengan rumusan masalah, bagaimana dan seperti apa pemberantasan korupsi era reformasi ini?, dan pemberantasan korupsi seperti apa yang semestinya dilakukan untuk mencegah perbuatan korupsi dimasa yang akan datang?. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dimasa yang akan datang perlu ada 1 lembaga pemberantasan korupsi yang diberi kewenangan yang luas melakukan pemberantasan korupsi secara terstruktur, sistimatis dan masif

Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Keagamaan Santri di Pondok Pesantren Rumah Bahasa Arab, Makassar

Aksa Wadi Kusuma — 2026-09-20

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dalam meningkatkan pemahaman keagamaan santri di Pondok Pesantren Rumah Bahasa Arab, Makassar. Proses pembelajaran menekankan pada metode menghafal, pengulangan harian, serta latihan secara bertahap melalui kegiatan membaca kitab klasik (kitab kuning). Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang komprehensif mengenai aktivitas pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengajaran Bahasa Arab yang terstruktur, disertai latihan berkelanjutan dan bimbingan guru, berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan pemahaman santri terhadap konsep-konsep keagamaan. Integrasi teknik hafalan, penerapan kontekstual, dan kegiatan membaca secara terarah membantu santri menginternalisasi struktur kebahasaan sekaligus memperdalam pemahaman mereka terhadap ajaran Islam. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya lingkungan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab yang imersif di pesantren sebagai sarana untuk memperkuat kemampuan berbahasa sekaligus literasi keagamaan.