Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sains Islam Interdisipliner

Design of Islamic Religious Education Learning Based on Problem-Based Learning

Indriyani Ma’rifah, Ahmad Asroni — Sun, 17 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

Islamic Religious Education (IRE) learning in the 21st-century education era is required to develop critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and the strengthening of students’ character. However, in practice, IRE learning is still dominated by conventional, teacher-centered approaches, resulting in learning that tends to be theoretical and less contextual. This article aims to describe the design of Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based Islamic Religious Education instruction, including its fundamental concepts, implementation stages, learning implications, and strategies for strengthening the PBL design in IRE learning.This study employs a qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were collected from various scientific journals, academic books, and previous studies relevant to Islamic Religious Education and Problem-Based Learning. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data display, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings of the study indicate that a PBL-based IRE learning design can create active, contextual, and student-centered learning through the resolution of real-life problems related to theology (aqidah), Islamic ethics (akhlaq), jurisprudence (fiqh), and socio-religious life. The implementation of PBL in IRE learning contributes to improving critical thinking skills, social skills, collaboration abilities, as well as strengthening students’ religious character and religious moderation. In addition, strengthening the PBL design can be achieved through teacher training, integration of digital media, flexible learning time management, and reinforcement of values and character orientation in learning objectives and assessment. Thus, Problem-Based Learning can serve as a strategic alternative in creating IRE that is relevant to the demands of 21^st-century education.

The Implementation of the POE2WE Learning Model Assisted by PhET Simulation to Improve Conceptual Understanding of Grade XI Students at SMAN 1 Bukit Batu

Dzaidatul Masyhurah, Azhar, M. Nor — Sun, 17 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the POE2WE (Predict, Observe, Explain, Elaborate, Write, Evaluate) learning model assisted by PhET simulations in improving students’ conceptual understanding of Newton’s laws. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, specifically a posttest-only nonequivalent control group design. The population consisted of 68 eleventh-grade students at SMAN 1 Bukit Batu, Indonesia, in the 2025/2026 academic year. The sample was divided into two groups: the experimental class, which received instruction using the POE2WE learning model assisted by PhET simulations, and the control class, which was taught using conventional methods. Data were collected through a posttest consisting of multiple-choice questions designed to measure seven indicators of conceptual understanding: interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, generalizing, inferring, comparing, and explaining. Data analysis was conducted using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the experimental class achieved a higher average score (70.32) categorized as good, compared to the control class (53.94) categorized as fair. Inferential analysis using the Mann–Whitney U test revealed a significance value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between the two groups. These findings suggest that the implementation of the POE2WE learning model assisted by PhET simulations is effective in enhancing students’ conceptual understanding of Newton’s laws. Therefore, this study contributes to the development of interactive and technology-based physics learning strategies.

Performing Qadhā Prayer on Behalf of the Deceased: Hadith Study and Jurisprudential Analysis of the Four Madhhabs

Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates the Islamic jurisprudential status of prayers left unperformed (qadha shalat) by a deceased Muslim, combining rigorous hadith authentication (takhrij) with cross-madhhab legal comparison (muqaranah al-madzahib). The central question — whether a guardian (wali) may perform substitute prayers on behalf of the deceased by analogy with authenticated fasting-substitute hadiths — has generated sustained scholarly disagreement across the four Sunni schools. Drawing on primary classical sources and recent scholarship in Islamic law, including Scopus-indexed journals and nationally accredited Indonesian journals , this article demonstrates that: (1) no explicit (sharih) sahih hadith authorizes qadha prayers by a guardian; (2) the juristic disagreement turns precisely on competing definitions of the legal cause ('illah) in the qiyas argument, not on the hadith texts themselves; and (3) the Hanbali dissenting position, though methodologically coherent, is based on an 'illah — "unpaid debt to God" (dayn Allah) — that the majority correctly identifies as too broad to sustain a valid analogy with prayers. The study contributes a technically precise ushul fiqh analysis of the qiyas structure, filling a gap in comparative Islamic law literature.