Konseling Individu dengan Pendekatan Cognitive Behavior Therapy bagi Korban KDRT di UPTD PPA Provinsi Lampung

Abstract

Abstract.   Domestic violence (DV) can cause persistent psychological impacts, including guilt, low self-confidence, negative self-appraisal, and uncertainty in resolving a case. UPTD PPA Lampung Province provides psychological assistance through individual counseling using a Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) approach. This study aimed to describe the implementation of CBT-based individual counseling for DV victims. A descriptive qualitative design with purposive sampling involved one mediator, one psychological counselor, and two victims. Data were collected from 2-27 July 2026 through interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation and were analyzed through data collection, reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed five counseling stages: initial assessment and problem identification, goal setting, CBT-based counseling, evaluation, and follow-up. During the counseling process, the victims were guided to identify the relationships among thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and to examine negative self-directed thoughts. Interview and observation data showed that the victims became more willing to express their experiences, demonstrated greater awareness of their thoughts and emotional responses, and were better able to articulate possible options for resolving their cases. Follow-up was adapted to each victim’s needs, readiness, and decisions. Overall, the counseling process was implemented flexibly while respecting each victim’s autonomy in determining the course of case resolution.

Abstrak.  Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) dapat menimbulkan dampak psikologis yang menetap, termasuk rasa bersalah, rendahnya kepercayaan diri, penilaian negatif terhadap diri, serta ketidakpastian dalam menyelesaikan kasus. UPTD PPA Provinsi Lampung memberikan pendampingan psikologis melalui konseling individu dengan pendekatan Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan konseling individu berbasis CBT bagi korban KDRT. Penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik purposive sampling yang melibatkan satu mediator, satu konselor psikologis, dan dua korban. Data dikumpulkan pada 2–27 Juli 2026 melalui wawancara, observasi nonpartisipan, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lima tahapan konseling, yaitu asesmen awal dan identifikasi masalah, penetapan tujuan, pelaksanaan konseling berbasis CBT, evaluasi, dan tindak lanjut. Selama proses konseling, korban dibimbing untuk mengenali hubungan antara pikiran, perasaan, dan perilaku serta menelaah pikiran negatif yang diarahkan pada diri sendiri. Data hasil wawancara dan observasi menunjukkan bahwa korban menjadi lebih terbuka dalam menyampaikan pengalaman, menunjukkan kesadaran yang lebih baik terhadap pikiran dan respons emosionalnya, serta lebih mampu mengemukakan berbagai pilihan dalam penyelesaian kasus. Tindak lanjut disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan, kesiapan, dan keputusan masing-masing korban. Secara keseluruhan, proses konseling dilaksanakan secara fleksibel dengan tetap menghormati otonomi korban dalam menentukan arah penyelesaian kasus.